China's fluorite resources are predominantly low-grade and associated with calcite (CaCO₃), which are finely disseminated and complexly intergrown, making conventional physical separation inefficient. Flotation, the core technique for fine-grained minerals, faces significant challenges in separating fluorite from calcite
The associated silver minerals of silver-manganese ore mainly exist in the form of natural silver, gold-silver ore, silver-gold ore, etc., in the form of fine particles, and are isomorphously present in the manganese ore lattice. It is difficult to obtain high-grade silver concentrate by mechanical separation, and it is also difficult to obtain good silver leaching indicators by a single cyanidation method. It is recognized as one of the difficult-to-treat silver-containing ores.
Lithium, a core material in the new energy sector, faces surging demand driven by electric vehicles and energy storage. In China, lepidolite (chemical formula: KLi₂Al₄Si₅O₁₀F₂OH) has emerged as a critical lithium source due to its abundant reserves, despite challenges like low grade and complex composition.
The flotation process is the core method of copper sulphide ore beneficiation, which is aimed at efficiently separating copper minerals and veinstone minerals to achieve copper enrichment.
Carlin-type gold ore, a typical refractory ore, is characterized by finely disseminated gold particles, severe encapsulation by sulfides and silicates, and significant "gold-robbing" by organic carbon.
Carlin-type gold ore, a typical refractory ore, is characterized by finely disseminated gold particles, severe encapsulation by sulfides and silicates, and significant "gold-robbing" by organic carbon. Traditional extraction methods struggle to achieve efficient recovery. To address these challenges, this study proposes an innovative process: "Acid Pressure Oxidation Pretreatment-Jarosite Decomposition-Environmental Carbon Leaching."
Kaolin, a critical industrial mineral, requires high whiteness for premium applications, with iron impurities being the primary cause of discoloration. Depending on iron occurrence forms, current methods include physical, chemical, microbial, and combined processes.
Open-pit mining, as a primary method for mineral resource extraction, is widely used in metal ore exploitation due to its efficiency and cost-effectiveness.
Antimony oxide ore, as an important antimony resource, is difficult to select because of its easy sludging, strong solubility, and similar nature with vein minerals. At present, the mainstream beneficiation process includes re-election method, sulphide flotation method and direct flotation method.
Tungsten, renowned for its high melting point, hardness, and exceptional physicochemical properties, is a strategic material critical to aerospace, machinery manufacturing, and defense industries. With increasing demand, the efficient separation of complex low-grade tungsten ores has become a focal point in the industry.
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