In response to the characteristics of coal gangue—which consists primarily of coarse and medium-sized particles with a small amount of fine silt—a process has been developed for the separation of coal gangue and the large-scale production of sulphur concentrate. The complete process employs an integrated configuration comprising crushing and screening, particle size classification, gravity separation for rough and concentrate separation, fine flotation, and dewatering and dry discharge. Once the tailings from the separation process meet the required standards, they can be recycled and reused, thereby truly achieving high-efficiency value-added utilisation of mining solid waste and environmentally friendly production.
Different types of gold ores exhibit significant differences in mineral structure and the occurrence of valuable metals. Therefore, flotation processes must be flexibly selected based on ore characteristics and finished product requirements. The industry's mainstream combined flotation processes for gold ores are divided into five categories, along with mature silver extraction technologies, adaptable to the beneficiation needs of various primary and oxidized gold-bearing ores.
Oxide lead-zinc ore has a complex mineral composition, fine particle size, and high content of slime and soluble salts, making it significantly more difficult to beneficiate than sulfide ores. This article reviews six mature beneficiation processes to help improve the beneficiation efficiency and overall profitability of oxide lead-zinc ore.
Heap leaching of gold and silver ore is the mainstream hydrometallurgical process for the resource utilisation of low-grade gold and silver ores. In this process, the ore is piled in an impermeable heap and continuously sprayed with leaching reagents, causing the gold and silver minerals to dissolve into the liquid phase; the precious metals are then recovered through solution treatment.
Different types of rock gold ore possess unique characteristics; provided the correct beneficiation process is selected to suit local conditions, gold recovery efficiency and the mine’s economic returns can be significantly enhanced, thereby achieving the efficient utilisation of mineral resources. Currently, the industry has established six mature and highly adaptable core beneficiation processes tailored to the specific operating conditions of various rock gold ores.
The flotation process for arsenic suppression and gold flotation is a commonly used pre-concentration technique for treating arsenic-bearing gold ores. The core of this process lies in the scientific combination of specialised mineral processing reagents; by precisely controlling the floatability of mineral surfaces, it effectively suppresses the flotation of harmful minerals such as arsenic and sulphur, thereby achieving efficient separation of gold from arsenic and sulphur minerals and allowing gold to be effectively concentrated in the tailings.
The XHC jaw crusher abandons the traditional welded frame in favour of a weld-free, demountable EN-standard cast steel frame. This eliminates at source the issues of frame cracking and deformation caused by welding stresses, resulting in a more stable structure and greater fatigue resistance.
Tin ores are predominantly polymetallic associated deposits; following beneficiation, the tailings retain significant quantities of valuable components such as tin, copper, lead and zinc. As the properties of the ores vary considerably, tailored separation processes are required to recover tin resources. Current mainstream technologies include gravity separation, flotation and combined processes utilising both.
Current tin ore beneficiation relies on the differences in density, magnetic properties and floatability of various minerals. With gravity separation, flotation and magnetic separation as the core processes, combined with electrostatic separation for purification and integrated multi-process flowsheets, the efficient separation and concentration of cassiterite is achieved.
Barite ore processing continuously generates solid tailings waste and processing effluent. Tailings treatment involves the establishment of a comprehensive process system centred on four key areas: effluent recycling, solid waste storage, ecological restoration and resource recovery, whilst balancing production stability with green production requirements.
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