Flotation common process for gold ore beneficiation

The common process of gold ore beneficiation by flotation involves crushing, grinding, flotation, and dewatering.

First, the gold ore is crushed and ground to a size suitable for the flotation process. The ore is then ground to a fine powder and mixed with water and flotation reagents. The mixture is agitated in a flotation tank, and air is bubbled through the mixture to create a froth. The gold particles attach to the froth and are separated from the rest of the slurry.

After the gold particles are separated by flotation, the concentrate is sent to a thickener or filter press to remove excess water. The resulting concentrate is then dried and smelted to produce gold bullion.

The flotation reagents used in gold ore beneficiation include collectors, frothers, modifiers, and depressants. Collectors, such as xanthates and dithiophosphates, attach to the surface of the gold particles and make them hydrophobic, allowing them to attach to the air bubbles in the flotation tank. Frothers, such as pine oil, help to create a stable froth. Modifiers, such as lime or soda ash, adjust the pH of the slurry to optimize the flotation process. Depressants, such as cyanide or sodium sulfite, prevent the flotation of unwanted minerals.

The flotation process can be optimized by adjusting various parameters, including the particle size of the ore, the pH of the slurry, the type and dosage of the flotation reagents, and the agitation speed and time.

Overall, the flotation process is a widely used and effective method for gold ore beneficiation, and it can be adapted to treat a wide range of ore types and compositions.